HEALTH

The importance of careful management of a diabetic pet

If you have a diabetic pet, here’s some useful information to help you be prepared in case of a low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) related emergency.

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When it comes to diabetic pets, proper management of medications and diet is essential to reduce the risk of emergencies. Insulin therapy is used for diabetic pets to regulate their blood sugar. This treatment may cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which is a medical emergency that may be fatal if left untreated. Poorly managed diabetes may also result in the opposite effect, high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), potentially leading to similar serious complications. Talking with your veterinarian is a crucial part of being informed and prepared to handle emergencies.

Some potential causes of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient:^1,2,3,5

Administering too much insulin.
Change in eating habits.
Infection or illness.
Underlying disease.
Interaction with other drugs.
Increase in exercise.

Signs and risks of a hypoglycemic episode include:^3,4

Weakness
Depression
Behavioral changes
Muscle twitching
Anxiety
Seizures
Coma
Death

Keeping your pet’s blood sugar stable

Your pet’s diet and activity level should be consistent and appropriate.^1,2,5

A nutritionally complete pet food should be fed in consistent amounts at the same times each day.
Treats and changes in diet should generally be avoided unless recommended by your veterinarian.
Your veterinarian will advise you on how much and when to feed your pet based on the response to their insulin treatment.
Your pet’s exercise/level of play should remain consistent.
Consult with your veterinarian if you expect a major change in activity.
Develop a schedule with your veterinarian for regular evaluations of your pet’s diabetes.

Overdosage or missing an injection of insulin

If your pet is given too much insulin, life-threatening hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) can result. Contact your veterinarian or local veterinary emergency clinic immediately. If your pet receives less than the prescribed dose, or if you miss an injection, this may cause a temporary recurrence of symptoms (such as excessive thirst and urination).^2,3,4 Contact your veterinarian as soon as possible for advice on your pet’s next dose.

References

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